Zamboanga refers to a place in western Mindanao in the Philippines. The term is often used to refer to either the whole of Zamboanga Peninsula, which is both the name of the landform and the administrative region on that landform; or to Zamboanga City. The Zamboanga Peninsula region is composed of three provinces also named Zamboanga: Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga del Sur, and Zamboanga Sibugay.

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Zamboanga was one of the provinces of the Philippines. The town of Zamboanga (now Zamboanga City) was its capital. On June 6, 1952, Zamboanga was divided into two: Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur.