Born in Hiroshima, Miyake suffered from osteomyelitis at 10, and the disease recurred shortly in his adulthood. He studied studied graphic design at the Tama Art University (多摩美朮大學) in Tokyo from 1959 to 1964. After graduation, he worked in Paris for Guy Laroche and Givenchy until 1968. He then work for Geoffrey Beene in New York City in 1969. The following two years, he opened his own Miyake Design Studio and the Miyake International Inc.